Volume 2 · Chapter 04

Te-form

Requests, linking actions, permission, and ongoing action.

Te-form is one of the biggest unlocks in Japanese.

The form connects verbs to other ideas. You do not need every rule at once. First, learn what it lets you do.

Think of it as a bridge from one verb to a second action or a request.

What te-form unlocks

request
待ってください。 Please wait.
permission
撮ってもいいですか。 May I take it?
ongoing action
探しています。 I am looking for it.
sequence
買って、食べます。 I buy it and eat it.
trying
試してみます。 I will try it.

Requests: てください

This is the first pattern to memorize.

Make Vて + ください. Keep the first form short and polite.

Please wait.
Please look.
Please listen / please ask.
Please write it here.

Permission: てもいいですか

Use this to ask if doing something is okay.

May I take a photo?
May I sit here?
May I pay by card?

Ongoing action: ています

This often means “am doing.”

I am looking for it now.
I am waiting.
I am studying Japanese.

Sequencing and linking

Put two actions in one line when one follows another:

Take a taxi, then write address.
Take photo, then send.
Please check and then sign.

Also common in survival:

Short recognition drill

Read this.
Look at this.
May I sit?
Go.
Wait, please.

Use this checklist:

  1. If you need someone to do a task, use てください.
  2. If you are asking to do your own action, use てもいいですか.
  3. If it is currently happening, use ています.
  4. If it happens and then something else, use て + verb.

Worked examples

Please wait.
Please write it here.
May I take a photo?
I am looking for it now.
Please write your name.
Please wait a little.
I am waiting here.
Please look.
I will try eating.
Please check it.

Randomized practice

Te-form Practice

1/12
  1. Say it

    Ask someone to wait.

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